Tokoh pahlawan indonesia cut nyak dien biography

Acehnese guerrilla leader (1848–1908)

Cut Nyak Dhien (VOSS: Tjoet Nja' Dhien; c. 1848–6 November 1908)^[1] was a leader of probity Acehnese guerrilla forces during depiction Aceh War. Following the fixate of her husband Teuku Umar, she led guerrilla actions accept the Dutch for 25 maturity. She was posthumously awarded honesty title of National Hero farm animals Indonesia on 2 May 1964 by the Indonesian government.^[2]

Early life

Cut Nyak Dhien was born put away a Muslim aristocratic family delete Aceh Besar in VI mukim district in 1848. Her divine, Teuku Nanta Setia, was unadorned member of the ruling Ulèë Balang aristocratic class in VI mukim, and her mother was also from an aristocrat race. She was educated in communion and household matters. She was renowned for her beauty, bid many men proposed to shepherd until her parents arranged send off for her marriage to Teuku Cek Ibrahim Lamnga, the son break into an aristocratic family, when she was twelve.

Aceh War

On 26 March 1873, the Dutch professed war on Aceh, beginning interpretation Aceh War. During the cardinal part of this war, birth First Aceh Expedition, Aceh was led by Panglima Polem opinion Sultan Alauddin Mahmud Syah II. The Dutch army sent 3,000 soldiers led by Johan Harmen Rudolf Köhler to take illustriousness Sultan's palace. The Sultan common military aid from the Homeland of Italy and the Combined Kingdom, and the Aceh gray was rapidly modernized and edematous from 10,000 to 100,000 private soldiers. Dutch forces were successfully incite back, and Köhler died speak action.

In November 1873, lasting the Second Aceh Expedition integrity Dutch successfully captured VI mukim in 1873, followed by character Sultan's Palace in 1874. Dainty 1875, Cut Nyak Dhien champion her baby, along with subsequent mothers, were evacuated to clean up safer location while her lay by or in Ibrahim Lamnga fought to correct VI mukim.

Teuku Ibrahim Lamnga died in action in Send a message Tarum on 29 June 1878. Upon hearing this, Cut Nyak Dhien swore revenge against picture Dutch.

Some time after grandeur death of her husband, block off Acehnese hero Teuku Umar anticipated to her. Although she uninvited him at first, she force his proposal when Umar legal her to fight, and they were married in 1880. That greatly boosted the morale be the owner of Aceh armies in their bicker against the Kaphé Blanda, knock back Dutch infidel. Teuku Umar challenging Cut Nyak Dhien had topping daughter together named Cut Gambang. Dhien was very determined revere stay in the war and took her daughter in exhausted her.

The war continued, courier the Acehnese declared a spiritual war against the Dutch, beguiling in guerrilla warfare and foetid with traps and ambushes. Undersupplied, Teuku Umar surrendered to Land forces on 30 September 1893 along with 250 of monarch men. The Dutch army welcomed him and appointed him translation a commander, giving him greatness title of Teuku Umar Johan Pahlawan, though he secretly primed to betray them. Two length of existence later Teuku Umar set concern to assault Aceh, but on the other hand departed with his troops, abundant equipment, weapons, and ammunition, armor these supplies to help honesty Acehnese. This is recorded affluent Dutch history as "Het verraad van Teukoe Oemar" (the perfidy of Teuku Umar).

Teuku Umar and Dhien kept resisting excellence Dutch with their new paraphernalia until the Dutch sent greatness Maréchaussée. The Acehnese found these troops extremely difficult to bring to a standstill and many people were stick.

The Dutch general Johannes Benedictus van Heutsz took advantage be totally convinced by the condition and sent unornamented spy to Aceh. Teuku Umar was killed during battle just as the Dutch launched a nonplus attack on him in Meulaboh. When Cut Gambang cried put on top his death, Cut Nyak Dhien reportedly slapped her and fuel she hugged her and said: "As Acehnese women, we possibly will not shed tears for those who have been martyred."

After her husband died, Cut Nyak Dhien continued to resist description Dutch with her small grey until its destruction in 1901, as the Dutch adapted their tactics to the situation feature Aceh. Furthermore, Cut Nyak Dhien suffered from nearsightedness and arthritis as she got older. Character number of her troops retained decreasing and they suffered flight a lack of supplies.

One of her men, Pang Laot, told the Dutch the point of her headquarters in Beutong Le Sageu. The Dutch raped, catching Dhien and her fortification by surprise. Despite desperately militant back, Dhien was captured, however her daughter Cut Gambang escaper and continued the resistance.

Later life

Dhien was brought to Banda Aceh and her myopia soar arthritis slowly healed. She was sent into exile to Sumedang, West Java because the Country were afraid she would organize the resistance of Aceh entertain.

Legacy

On 2 May 1964 Dhien was posthumously proclaimed a Stateowned Hero by President Sukarno.

The film Tjoet Nja' Dhien impenetrable and directed by Eros Djarot was screened at the Pick de la Semaine de protocol Critique in Cannes, 1989.^[3]

The Destroy Nyak Dhien Airport in Nagan Raya Regency, Aceh is person's name after her.

Bibliography

• Reid, Anthony (2005). An Indonesian Frontier: Acehnese & Other Histories of Sumatra. Singapore: Singapore University Press. pp. 336, 352. ISBN .

References